What are some characteristics of Next Generation sequencing (NGS)?

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is characterized by its ability to read each base multiple times, which significantly enhances the sensitivity and accuracy of the sequencing results. This approach, known as "coverage," involves generating multiple reads of the same DNA region, making it easier to detect low-frequency variants and minimizing the possibility of errors caused by sequencing technology limitations. It is crucial in situations where precise variant detection is necessary, such as in cancer genomics or rare disease studies.

In contrast, analyzing a few genes at a time, the higher costs relative to traditional methods, and the limitation to assessing only small DNA fragments do not align with the fundamental capabilities of NGS. This technology is specifically designed to sequence large regions of the genome or entire genomes simultaneously, thereby providing a comprehensive view of genetic variation across multiple genes. This efficiency and breadth of coverage are what make NGS a transformative tool in genetics.