What ethical dilemma is primarily addressed by promoting equality and respect for differences?

The correct answer focuses on the ethic of care, which emphasizes the importance of interpersonal relationships, compassion, and responsiveness to the needs of others. This ethical framework prioritizes the well-being of individuals and promotes equality by recognizing and valuing differences among people. It addresses the moral obligation to care for others and the responsibility to foster respect in all interactions.

In the context of genetic counseling, promoting equality and respecting individual differences are essential because each patient and their circumstances are unique. This approach encourages healthcare providers to engage with patients on a personal level, taking into consideration their cultural, emotional, and social backgrounds, which ultimately leads to more ethical and tailored care.

Other options, while relevant in the field of ethics, do not specifically target the promotion of equality and respect for differences as their core focus. Principle-based ethics revolves around a set of guiding principles such as autonomy, justice, and beneficence. Beneficence relates to the obligation to maximize benefits and minimize harm but does not inherently address the respect for differences. Ambivalent decision-making pertains to uncertainty in ethical choices rather than a proactive stance on equality. Thus, the ethic of care stands out as the most aligned with the concern for promoting equality and respect for differences.