What is the primary genetic mutation associated with Proteus Syndrome?

Proteus Syndrome is primarily associated with mutations in the AKT1 gene. This gene is involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth and survival, and its mutation is linked to the abnormal tissue overgrowth and other features characteristic of Proteus Syndrome, such as asymmetric overgrowth, skin lesions, and the presence of various tumors.

The AKT1 mutation leads to a gain-of-function effect, which means it causes the pathway to be excessively activated, contributing to the features of the syndrome. Although other genes are associated with different conditions or syndromes, in the context of Proteus Syndrome, the mutation in AKT1 is specifically implicated in the pathophysiology of the disorder, making it the primary genetic mutation for this condition. Understanding this association is important for genetic counseling and management of affected individuals.