Which medical condition involves renal cysts and liver disease associated with ciliopathies?

The medical condition that involves renal cysts and liver disease associated with ciliopathies is Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD). PKD is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys, which can lead to kidney enlargement and affect renal function. Additionally, individuals with PKD may also present with cysts in other organs, particularly the liver.

Ciliopathies, which are diseases caused by dysfunctional cilia, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PKD. The primary cilia on renal tubular cells are essential for maintaining normal kidney function, and mutations in genes involved in cilia function can lead to the formation of renal and hepatic cysts observed in this condition.

In contrast, Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factors and does not involve renal or liver cysts. Meckel-Gruber Syndrome is also a ciliopathy but primarily presents with a triad of encephalocele, polydactyly, and renal cysts, without the significant liver involvement seen in PKD. Situs inversus is a condition involving the reversal of internal organ positions but is unrelated to cyst formation in the kidneys or liver.